Bio 4.2.2 by Jade Shepherd
Explain ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport).
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the regulation of internal regulation so that conditions will always stay relatively the same. It occurs in two ways, active and passive transport. Active transport requires energy and occurs often in cells. Passive transport requires no energy. Both processes help allow water, nutrients, and waste in and out of the cell.
Active Transport uses energy to maintain homeostasis within cells. Organisms use energy contained in their cells to allow proteins to make channels in the membrane for transport. Below, you can see a comparison of both types of transport and how they are used by the cell to maintain homeostasis.
Passive Transport
- no energy required
- moves substances from area of high concentration to low concentration
- 4 types (osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and filtration)
Active Transport
- Requires energy
- moves substances from area of low concentration to high concentration
- primary and secondary
Comparison Chart
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Osmosis
Osmosis takes solutes from an area of lower concentration to and area of higher concentration. This process only allows molecules like oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide to be filtered through.
Diffusion
This is the simplest form of passive transport. All that happens through diffusion is allowing things to pass through a permeable membrane. This take no energy and can occur without any proteins. This occurs until both sides of the membrane are equal
Facilitated Diffusion
This is almost exactly the same thing as diffusion except there is a protein that makes the above process occur.
Filtration
This is the moving of water and other solute molecules down a concentration gradient. An example of this is our kidneys.
Primary
In this type of active transport, when special proteins notice something in the cell needs to be moved out of the membrane, they become pumps through the membrane, using ATP for energy.
Secondary
In this type of active transport, a different type of protein forms a channel in the membrane. They then push what needs to be moved out of the out by using an electromagnet gradient. This uses ATP but can also create some at the same time.